Indian Scientists Innovate Construction Sand Substitute

Indian researchers have developed a groundbreaking method for replacing natural sand in construction with treated construction waste, paving the way for a more sustainable building industry. This innovation comes at a crucial time as sand scarcity becomes a pressing issue globally.

Led by Assistant Professor Souradeep Gupta at the Indian Institute of Science’s Centre for Sustainable Technologies (CST), the team discovered that treating construction waste with carbon dioxide (CO2) and then curing it in a CO2-rich environment significantly improves its properties. This process allows the treated waste to function as an effective replacement for natural sand in mortar, a key building material.

Reduced Sand Reliance and Carbon Sequestration

The new technique offers a two-pronged attack on environmental challenges. First, it reduces reliance on natural sand, a finite resource facing depletion due to excessive extraction practices exceeding 50 billion tons annually according to UN Environment Programme: [invalid URL removed]. This depletion harms ecosystems near rivers, disrupts riverbeds, and can even lead to saltwater intrusion in coastal areas.

Secondly, the method promotes CO2 utilization and sequestration. By incorporating captured carbon dioxide into the construction material, the scientists contribute to mitigating climate change. Their research explores sequestering up to 25% and even 50% of fine aggregates in mortar with CO2-treated excavated soil, significantly reducing the construction sector’s carbon footprint. This aligns with India’s national decarbonization goals, promoting cleaner air and a reduced carbon footprint for the construction sector.

Strength, Scalability, and Future Potential: Addressing Concerns

Tests conducted by the research team revealed that using CO2-treated construction waste in mortar increased the material’s compressive strength by 20-22%. This indicates the viability of the new material for construction purposes, meeting the industry’s strength requirements.

Professor Gupta emphasizes the scalability of the CO2 utilization and sequestration technique. He believes it can be a practical solution for manufacturing low-carbon prefabricated building components. This innovation has the potential to revolutionize the construction industry, making it more sustainable and environmentally friendly.

Broader Applications and Long-Term Testing

While the initial research shows promise, further studies are needed to assess the long-term performance of this innovative construction material. Scientists need to evaluate its behavior under various environmental conditions, such as extreme weather events and ensure it meets all safety and building code standards. Additionally, research into expanding the applications of this material beyond mortar, potentially for use in concrete, is crucial.

Nevertheless, this development from Indian scientists offers a beacon of hope for a more sustainable and environmentally friendly construction industry. By addressing sand scarcity, promoting CO2 reduction, and potentially achieving carbon-negative construction, this innovation has the potential to transform the way we build our world.

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